Sherrie
20-11-2006, 06:42 AM
Heres one I came across, this one is a strict supervised study for 3 weeks in a hospital with 10 obese people with type 2 diabetes. 1 week normal diet and then 2 weeks on Atkins induction.
The PDF is available in full for free as it is over 6 months old.
Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Appetite, Blood Glucose Levels, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Guenther Boden, MD; Karin Sargrad, MS, RD, CDE; Carol Homko, PhD, RN, CDE; Maria Mozzoli, BS; and T. Peter Stein, PhD
ABSTRACT
Background: It is not known how a low-carbohydrate, highprotein,
high-fat diet causes weight loss or how it affects blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Objective: To determine effects of a strict low-carbohydrate diet
on body weight, body water, energy intake and expenditure, glycemic
control, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Design: Inpatient comparison of 2 diets.
Setting: General clinical research center of a university hospital.
Patients: 10 obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Intervention: Usual diets for 7 days followed by a low-carbohydrate
diet for 14 days.
Measurements: Body weight, water, and composition; energy
intake and expenditure; diet satisfaction; hemoglobin A1c; insulin
sensitivity; 24-hour urinary ketone excretion; and plasma profiles of glucose, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin.
Results: On the low-carbohydrate diet, mean energy intake decreased
from 3111 kcal/d to 2164 kcal/d. The mean energy deficit of 1027 kcal/d (median, 737 kcal/d) completely accounted for the weight loss of 1.65 kg in 14 days (median, 1.34 kg in 14 days).
Mean 24-hour plasma profiles of glucose levels normalized, mean
hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.3% to 6.8%, and insulin sensitivity
improved by approximately 75%. Mean plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels decreased (change, 35% and 10%, respectively).
Limitations: The study was limited by the short duration, small
number of participants, and lack of a strict control group.
Conclusion: In a small group of obese patients with type 2
diabetes, a low-carbohydrate diet followed for 2 weeks resulted in
spontaneous reduction in energy intake to a level appropriate to
their height; weight loss that was completely accounted for by
reduced caloric intake; much improved 24-hour blood glucose
profiles, insulin sensitivity, and hemoglobin A1c; and decreased
plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. The long-term effects of
this diet, however, remain uncertain.
Full PDF: Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:403-411.
(http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/142/6/403)
The PDF is available in full for free as it is over 6 months old.
Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Appetite, Blood Glucose Levels, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Guenther Boden, MD; Karin Sargrad, MS, RD, CDE; Carol Homko, PhD, RN, CDE; Maria Mozzoli, BS; and T. Peter Stein, PhD
ABSTRACT
Background: It is not known how a low-carbohydrate, highprotein,
high-fat diet causes weight loss or how it affects blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Objective: To determine effects of a strict low-carbohydrate diet
on body weight, body water, energy intake and expenditure, glycemic
control, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Design: Inpatient comparison of 2 diets.
Setting: General clinical research center of a university hospital.
Patients: 10 obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Intervention: Usual diets for 7 days followed by a low-carbohydrate
diet for 14 days.
Measurements: Body weight, water, and composition; energy
intake and expenditure; diet satisfaction; hemoglobin A1c; insulin
sensitivity; 24-hour urinary ketone excretion; and plasma profiles of glucose, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin.
Results: On the low-carbohydrate diet, mean energy intake decreased
from 3111 kcal/d to 2164 kcal/d. The mean energy deficit of 1027 kcal/d (median, 737 kcal/d) completely accounted for the weight loss of 1.65 kg in 14 days (median, 1.34 kg in 14 days).
Mean 24-hour plasma profiles of glucose levels normalized, mean
hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.3% to 6.8%, and insulin sensitivity
improved by approximately 75%. Mean plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels decreased (change, 35% and 10%, respectively).
Limitations: The study was limited by the short duration, small
number of participants, and lack of a strict control group.
Conclusion: In a small group of obese patients with type 2
diabetes, a low-carbohydrate diet followed for 2 weeks resulted in
spontaneous reduction in energy intake to a level appropriate to
their height; weight loss that was completely accounted for by
reduced caloric intake; much improved 24-hour blood glucose
profiles, insulin sensitivity, and hemoglobin A1c; and decreased
plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. The long-term effects of
this diet, however, remain uncertain.
Full PDF: Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:403-411.
(http://www.annals.org/cgi/reprint/142/6/403)